Dia, Mali

The archaeological site of Dia in Mali, situated at the western edge of the Inland Niger Delta, is a significant historical location, providing insights into early urbanization in West Africa. The Dia complex consists of three major mounds, each representing different phases of habitation and abandonment. Dia-Shoma, dating back to the 9th century BCE, is the oldest and largest mound. The site played a crucial role in the trans-Saharan trade due to its strategic location and rich resources, including local cotton production. Artifacts such as spindle whorls, glass beads, and ceramics suggest a vibrant, interconnected community engaged in local craft traditions and long-distance trade. Despite its complex occupation history involving multiple ethnic groups, Dia's material culture remained stable over centuries, reflecting a unique blend of cultural influences and interactions.