Mexico

Xochitecatl

Preclassic ceremonial centre in Tlaxcala, Mexico

Location

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Historical Context

About

Xochitecatl [ʃot͡ʃiˈtekat͡ɬ] is a pre-Columbian archaeological site located in the Mexican State of Tlaxcala, 18 km southwest of Tlaxcala city. The major architecture dates to the Middle Preclassic Period (1000–400 BC) but occupation continued, with one major interruption, until the Late Classic, when the site was abandoned. There is some evidence of ritual activity in the Postclassic and Colonial Periods. The ruins cover an area of 12 hectares on top of a volcanic dome. Xochitecatl, unlike other contemporary sites, appears to have been a purely ceremonial centre for a population dispersed through the surrounding countryside rather than the centre of an urban area.

Paleolithic
Mesolithic
Neolithic
Chalcolithic
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Classical Period
Post-Classical Period
Early Modern Period
Industrial Period
Contemporary Period
Temporal Epochs

Historical Timeline

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Annual sunrise alignment at Pyramid of Flowers

29 September (annual)

Abandonment after volcanic eruption

c. 150 AD

Pyramid expansion and modifications

200–150 BC

Regional chiefdom centre

350 BC – 100 AD

Additions to monuments

550–400 BC

Reoccupation and Late Classic use

600–950 AD

Initial construction of principal monuments

c. 800 BC

Final abandonment of major settlement

c. 950 AD

Major architecture dates

Middle Preclassic (1000–400 BC)

Christian cross placed on Spiral Building

1632 AD

Excavations by Mari Carmen Serra Puche

1993–1994

Classification

Archaeological Features

Unique architectural and cultural elements found at this historical site

category

Public and Civic Structures

Plazas
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Burial and Funerary Structures

PyramidsGraves
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Industrial and Craft Structures

Workshops
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Religious and Ritual Structures

TemplesCeremonial PlatformsStelaeAltars
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Artistic and Decorative Features

StatuesMonumentsReliefs
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Astronomical and Timekeeping Structures

Stone Alignments
Knowledge Base

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Reference

Details

Country

Mexico

Coordinates

19.24° N, -98.35° E