Chanquillo

Chankillo is an ancient archaeological site located in the coastal desert of Peru, within the Casma-Sechin basin. This monumental complex is renowned for its Thirteen Towers solar observatory, which is believed to be the earliest known observatory in the Americas. Built around the 3rd century BCE, the Thirteen Towers are aligned in a north-south direction along a ridge, forming a unique serrated horizon. These towers were used to track the sun's position throughout the year, enabling the inhabitants to determine precise dates. In addition to the observatory, the site includes a hilltop fortification, often interpreted as a temple, suggesting its dual role in religious and defensive functions. Awarded UNESCO World Heritage status in 2021, Chankillo presents a significant insight into the astronomical and cultural practices of the Casma/Sechin culture during the Middle to Late Iron Age.