India

Thirupparankundram Rock-cut Cave and Inscription

Shaiva rock-cut temple, 8th–13th century, Tamil Nadu

Location

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Historical Context

About

Thirupparankundram Rock-cut Cave and Inscription, also known as Umai Andar or Umaiyandar temple, is a rock cut cave temple with inscriptions at the foot of the Thirupparankundram rock hill's south face. It is located in the town of Thirupparankundram, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southwest of Madurai city, Tamil Nadu, India. It consists of several layers of construction, the earliest is dated to the 8th-century early Pandya period, and the last to the 13th century.

Paleolithic
Mesolithic
Neolithic
Chalcolithic
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Classical Period
Post-Classical Period
Early Modern Period
Industrial Period
Contemporary Period
Temporal Epochs

Historical Timeline

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Tamil-Brahmi Jain beds

2nd century BCE – early centuries CE

Murugan temple expansion

7th–15th century

Upper-level Jain monuments

7th–11th century

Earliest construction

8th century

Latest construction phase

13th century

Inscription of Maravarman Sundara Pandya

1216–1239 CE

Classification

Archaeological Features

Unique architectural and cultural elements found at this historical site

category

Religious and Ritual Structures

Temples
category

Artistic and Decorative Features

ReliefsInscriptions
category

Domestic and Habitation Structures

Caves
category

Environmental and Natural Features

Rock SheltersModified Caves
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Reference

Details

Country

India

Coordinates

9.87° N, 78.07° E