Manda, Jammu

Manda, located in the Jammu district of Jammu and Kashmir, India, is an important archaeological site marking the northernmost reach of the Indus Valley Civilization. Discovered and excavated by the Archaeological Survey of India in 1976-77, the site reveals a rich history with layers of habitation spanning from the Harappan period to the Kushan era. Notably, Manda's strategic location on the Chenab River allowed it to serve as a procurement center for wood from the Himalayan sub-hills, which was then transported to other Indus Valley towns. Among the artifacts unearthed are Harappan Red ware, copper items, and an unfinished seal, which underscore the site's connection to the broader Indus Valley cultural sphere. Despite the limited excavation, Manda provides crucial insights into the northern extent and trade practices of the Harappan civilization.