Red Mosque of Panjunan

The Red Mosque of Panjunan, established in 1480 CE by Syarif Abdurrahman, is a significant archaeological site in Cirebon, West Java, Indonesia. This 15th-century mosque is notable for its distinctive fusion of Javanese architectural styles, incorporating elements from Hindu, Chinese, and Islamic cultures. The mosque's construction features red bricks and a candi bentar gate, reminiscent of Hindu temples from the Singhasari and Majapahit periods. The mosque's small size and unique architectural elements, such as the short entryway and pyramidal tajug roof, highlight its sacred nature. The mosque played a crucial role in the Islamization of the region, serving as a religious and cultural hub. It lacks a minbar and is not used for major prayers, emphasizing its function as a community space rather than a large congregational mosque. The inclusion of Chinese ceramics in its design further underscores the cultural exchanges that influenced its development.