Umm Qais

Umm Qais, located in northern Jordan, is an archaeological site of significant historical importance, primarily known for its ancient city of Gadara. Originally founded as a Macedonian military colony in the late 3rd century BCE, it evolved into a prominent center of Greek culture during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. The city was strategically important due to its location near the borders of Israel and Syria, and it was part of the Roman Decapolis after being conquered by Pompey in 63 BCE. Noteworthy for its complex water supply systems and civic structures such as theatres and public baths, Gadara also hosted religious and ritual structures like churches and mosques. The city endured various conquests and natural disasters, including the 749 CE Galilee earthquake, which led to its decline. Today, Umm Qais is recognized for its archaeological remains, offering insights into its storied past.