Time Periods
Paleolithic
Mesolithic
Neolithic
Chalcolithic
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Classical Period
Post-Classical Period
Early Modern Period
Industrial Period
Contemporary Period
Time Periods
Paleolithic
Mesolithic
Neolithic
Chalcolithic
Bronze Age
Iron Age
Classical Period
Post-Classical Period
Early Modern Period
Industrial Period
Contemporary Period
Location
About
Kumma, also known as Semna East, is an archaeological site in Sudan that features a significant ancient Egyptian fortress. Established around the mid-12th Dynasty of Egypt by Pharaoh Sesostris III, the site played a crucial role in protecting Egypt's southern border in Nubia. Situated approximately 365 kilometers south of Aswan, Kumma is strategically placed near the second cataract of the Nile. The site, along with its counterpart Semna, represents a key part of the defensive network built to secure Egyptian interests in the region. Today, both locations are submerged due to the construction of the Aswan High Dam, but the temple dedicated to the god Khnum from the site has been reconstructed at the National Museum of Sudan in Khartoum. Kumma is a testament to the architectural and strategic prowess of the Middle Kingdom period of ancient Egypt.
Gallery
Explore photographs of ancient structures, artifacts, and archaeological excavations at Kumma (Nubia)
Archaeological Features
Explore the unique architectural and cultural elements found at this historical site
Defensive Structures
Religious and Ritual Structures
Historical Timeline
Journey through time and discover key events in this site's archaeological history
Plan Your Visit
Details
- Country
- Sudan
- Source
- Wikipedia
More Sites in Sudan
Semna (Nubia)
Middle Kingdom Egyptian fortresses in Nubia
Mirgissa
Fortified Nubian settlement with large fortress.
Debeira
Nubian necropolis and medieval town remains
Tombos (Nubia)
Egyptian colonial site with mixed burials
Jebel Dosha
Sandstone promontory with rock-cut chapel
Faras
Underwater city with Christian cathedral art.